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Advantages
of Vipassana Meditation on Psychosomatic, Professional and Managerial
development of Business Graduates |
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Education
is a continuous and creative process. The aim of education is to
realize these innate qualities, potentials and talents of individuals and
to develop these capacities latent in human nature to get personal -
social satisfaction and enrichment and progress of society. True education
helps individuals to understand their innate qualities and enable him to
become self-motivating agent of social change, serving the best interests
of the society. Education enables each one to understand their expected
role in developing a new social order that suitable enough to position
himself and that of his fellow beings. It is the fundamental premises that
the young generation should take up the responsibility of their own
development and that of their nation by participating in the adventure of
exploring and understanding their own creativity and intelligence through
the process of education. But the great tragedy is the system of imparting
formal education, under the four walls of a class room setting, through
literature, lecture and library, putting no effort to make individual
human being realize their creativity and potential, is now more concerned
with immediate need satisfaction rather than materializing the long term
cherished dreams of a nation. In the systematic process of building a new
world order their role becomes limited and far away from strategic
thinking, creative decision-making and advancement of a civilization.
In this context Krishnamurti Foundation, (1992) rightly indicates that
"At its best, the modern educational system imparts some professional
knowledge and skills, but it lacks any cultivation of heart. The result is
only to make the students conceited materialists. Consequently, at an age
when children should be dreaming of beauty, greatness and perfection, they
now dream about sensory titillation and wealth, and spend time worrying
about how to earn money.
Major problem we can identify here is the sharp deviation
from the principle and aims of education in its perception and
implementation in the modern social system. Although economic
considerations are recognized as necessary to individual existence the
objective of earning money through any means and accumulating wealth using
any strategies, serves only individuals own short-term goal than long term
one. Development of human resource through education should concentrate
more on constructive value based holistic education than formal classroom
education.
Dhar P.L. (2003) 'Education should be concerned with
the totality of life and not with immediate responses to immediate
challenges. Broadly speaking, four different but inter-related aspects of
human life can generally be recognized: viz., the physical, emotional,
intellectual and spiritual. Holistic education should cultivate all these
aspects in full measure'.
Every individual is born with some innate qualities. In
the deepest level of their minds exists an infinite reservoir of
creativity and intelligence. Educational process should incorporate
holistic education to equip children with spiritual, moral, material and
scientific knowledge to develop our young generation competent enough to
shoulder forward our nation with fidelity and accuracy. To make it
materialize "there exists in India and many other countries today, a
scientific method of control and purification of mind which, if properly
integrated with the educational process, has the potential of becoming a
universally acceptable technique for nourishing the emotional and
spiritual dimensions of human personality. This technique, an ancient
science of mind and matter, is called Vipassana meditation'. Vipassana is an ancient meditation technique rediscovered by Gotama the Buddha, about 2500 years ago. It is currently being taught in India and several other countries under the guidance of Shri S.N. Goenka, the principal teacher of Vipassana. It promotes conscious lifestyle changes, enhances concentration of mind and facilitates deeper psychological introspection to bring about lasting behavioral changes. Vipassana is a
Pali word meaning "insight". It is a system of
self-transformation by self-observation; the object is to eventually reach
a state of inner and outer calmness and balance of mind (Thray Sithu
Sayagyi U Ba Khin, 1983).
How far this holistic education process helps Business
Graduate students to develop their Psychosomatic, Professional and
Managerial attitude and aptitude is the aim of this research.
Literature Review
OBJECTIVES OF VIPASSANA
Vipassana meditation can be described as a technique of purifying the
mind of its baser instincts so that one begins to manifest the truly human
qualities of universal goodwill, kindness, sympathy, tolerance, humility,
equanimity, etc., and simultaneously gains an insight into the true nature
and purpose of human existence. This is achieved in a very scientific
manner through a systematic cultivation of Right Mindfulness coupled with
non-reactivity; that is to say, development of the habit of paying
penetrating attention to whatever is happening in our total organism-the
body with its five senses and the mind which operates in and through
it-without any admixture of subjective judgments or reactions. The
quality, which purifies the mind at the deepest level, is the mental
factor of objectivity, or equanimity, which develops from the constant,
thorough understanding of the impermanence of all components of the
mind-body phenomenon. (VRI, 1991)
The process of purification
During the meditation period, moments come when there is no new input
of any complex-sankhara. The mind is just aware of sensations, unattached
and full of equanimity. When this happens, layers after layers of
accumulated deep conditioning, which are the cause of suffering, are
eradicated. The mind becomes cleaner and purer, unburdened of defilements.
Awareness gets established and the analytical faculty of the mind becomes
sharper. There is no longer any sloth: there is energy. As a result,
distinct awareness, discriminatory understanding of the law of nature,
perseverance rapture, tranquility, concentration and equanimity develop in
the mind. These factors of enlightenment lead to liberation, release from
all suffering, here and now.
THE CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF VIPASSANA MEDITATION:
1. It is a universal technique, which can be practiced by
anyone belonging to any country, caste or creed. 2. It strikes at the
roots of our defilements in the unconscious mind and breaks the barrier
between the conscious and unconscious layers of the mind.
3. There is no place for imagination in this technique,
no verbalization of any mantra or visualization of any god or goddess, or
any other object. The practice starts from experience of the apparent
truth of body and mind and proceeds towards realization of the subtle and
absolute Truth.
4. It is a highly individualistic and experiential
method of meditation. Man must walk on the Path himself. No one else can
make the effort for him or liberate him from the impurities of the mind.
Hence there is no "gurudom" in this technique.
5. One reaps the benefits of this technique here and now, as one
progressively becomes a better individual. (Usha Modak (2003) STEPS
OF VIPASSANA
To begin with, one has to take a vow of observing certain rules of
moral conduct (sila). These are: abstention from killing any sentient
being, stealing, sexual misconduct, lying and taking any intoxicant. This
first step itself is likely to bring about positive changes in a
prisoner's life style.
The second component of this training is called Anapana, i.e.,
awareness of respiration. This involves continuous "observation"
of the natural flow of incoming and outgoing breath. Gradually the mind
gets concentrated on this natural activity and the person can exercise
greater control over his mind. It promotes awareness of the present
moment, equanimity and tranquility of mind, since the act of breathing is
free from any craving or aversion.
The third step called development of 'panna' or
wisdom-involves purification of mind through enhanced awareness. The
individual engages himself in choice less and effortless observation of
body sensations and tries to develop an attitude of non-judgment and
non-reaction. This practice has a corrective influence on psychic
disturbances. Whatever arises in the mind, be it anger, fear, insecurity,
passion or sadness, is associated with certain internal body sensations.
Observing these sensations in a detached/impersonal manner helps the
individual handle these emotions. (VRI, 2003)
THE ABHIDHAMMA MODEL OF MIND
This model of mental activity is an "object relation" theory
in the broadest sense: its basic dynamic is the ongoing relationship of
mental states to sensory objects. "Sense objects" include
precepts in the five main sensory modalities, plus thought or cognitive
activity, which in this system is seen as a "sixth sense".
"Mental states" are in continuous change and flux: in this
analysis, the rate of change of the smallest unit of mental states-a mind
moment which is a moment of awareness-is incredibly fast, described as
arising at the rate of millions in the time of a flash of lightning. Each successive
mental state is composed of a set of properties, or mental factors, which
gives it its distinctive characteristics: there are 52 basic perceptual,
cognitive and affective categories of these properties (Narada Thera,
1968). The basic dichotomy in this analysis of mental factors is that
between pure, wholesome or healthy and impure, unwholesome or unhealthy
mental properties. Just as in systematic desensitisation, where tension is
supplanted by its physiologic opposite relaxation (Wolpe J., 1957),
healthy mental states are antagonistic to unhealthy ones, inhibiting them.
Vipassana Meditation aims to eradicate these unhealthy properties from the
psychological economy. The operational definition of mental health is
their complete absence, as in the case of the arahat or saint (Goleman D.,
1977).
EFFECT OF VIPASSANA
Venerable Nyanaponika Thera (1962) indicates "the systematic
practice of Anapana for a few days, the concentration increases, and a
natural calming and equalizing of the breath takes place. As the breath is
very intimately related to the mind, this leads simultaneously to a
tranquilizing of the mind-in fact, of the entire life-rhythm.
The practice of Vipassana consists of "feeling" the
sensations throughout the body without any reaction or evaluation
whatsoever, thus developing equanimity at a very deep level. This is of
course more easily said than done, because our subconscious mind, which is
constantly "feeling" the body sensations, has the stubborn,
recalcitrant habit of reacting to these sensations in a particular manner.
It habitually reacts to pleasant sensations with craving and to unpleasant
sensations with aversion, thus strengthening the mind's conditioned
tendency to run after sensory pleasure and to run away from pain. (VRI,
2003).
Vipassana meditation trains the concentrated attention to follow the
mechanics of mental processing in a detached fashion. This perspective of
an observer allows the controlled release of mental contents like craving
and aversion, past and future in a seemingly endless stream of memories,
wishes, thoughts, conversations, scenes, desires, dreads, lusts and
thousands upon thousands of emotionally driven pictures of every
kind-which rise to the surface of the mind and pass away without provoking
a reaction, while simultaneously anchoring one in concrete, contemporary
reality (Fleischman P.R., 1986). Since the mediator is at the same time
deeply relaxed, the whole contents of his mind can be seen as composing a
"Desensitization hierarchy"; in this sense, Vipassana meditation
may be natural global self-desensitization (Goleman D.,1977).The mind is
deconditioned with meditation altering the process of conditioning per se,
so that it is no longer a prime determinant of future acts (Goleman
D.,1977); a refinement of awareness occurs and one responds consciously to
life situations thereby becoming free from limitations which were forged
by mere reactions to them. One's life becomes characterized by increased
awareness, reality-orientation, non-delusion, self-control and peace (Fleischman
P.R., 1986). Such a person attains a state of inner and outer calmness and
is able to make quick decisions, correct and sound judgment and concerted
effort-mental capabilities, which definitely attribute to success in
contemporary life.
Dhar P.L. (2003) indicates that "The practice of
Vipassana consists of "feeling" the sensations throughout the
body without any reaction or evaluation whatsoever, thus developing
equanimity at a very deep level. This is of course more easily said than
done, because our subconscious mind, which is constantly
"feeling" the body sensations, has the stubborn, recalcitrant
habit of reacting to these sensations in a particular manner. It
habitually reacts to pleasant sensations with craving and to unpleasant
sensations with aversion, thus strengthening the mind's conditioned
tendency to run after sensory pleasure and to run away from pain".
"The technique of Vipassana is a simple,
practical way to achieve real peace of mind and to lead a happy, useful
life. Vipassana means "to see things as they really are"; it is
a logical process of mental purification through self-observation. "
(VRI, 2003)
"The technique of Vipassana is a path leading to freedom from all
suffering; it eradicates the craving, aversion and ignorance which are
responsible for all our miseries. Those who practice it remove, little by
little, the root causes of their suffering and steadily emerge from the
darkness of former tensions to lead happy, healthy, productive
lives." (VRI, 2003)
"Vipassana enables us to experience peace and
harmony: it purifies the mind, freeing it from suffering and the
deep-seated causes of suffering. The practice leads step-by-step to the
highest spiritual goal of full liberation from all mental
defilements". (VRI, 2003)
Usha Modak (2003) One student reported that during his
stormy adolescent years he had acute differences of opinion with his
parents. He left his parental home in great anger, never to see them
again. He had not seen them for nearly ten years in spite of their several
attempts to contact him. When he came for a Vipassana course, his ego
began to dissolve and he began to perceive his own shortcomings. He felt
extremely miserable, but was able to consider his parents' point of view.
He was able to see the situation from different angles, and not only
through his coloured glasses. He decided to write to his parents and tell
them of his whereabouts, return home and talk it over with them'.
Dr. J. N. Nichani (2003) indicates that 'as one gets more and more
established in the practice of meditation, there are fewer mental
problems, and even psychosomatic disorders like hypertension, peptic
ulcer, irritable bowel syndrome, asthma and eczema get ameliorated.
Vipassana meditation, therefore, leads to better health and a happy,
blissful mind. There is less mental tension and confusion, and with such a
clear and calm mind, one is able to deal easily with one's problems, thus
living a merry and joyful life'.
Usha Modak (2003) indicates that 'apart from the
purification of the mind, which is the primary goal of the technique, the
mediator also experiences gains at the physical and psychological level.
Many common ailments such as hypertension, headaches, ulcers, acidity,
etc., are very often psychosomatic. These are automatically cured as a
by-product of the cleansing process of Vipassana'.
Usha Modak (2003) further indicates that 'many students
who practice Vipassana regularly, keep reporting that their concentration,
memory and ability to grasp the material they read has improved
tremendously. One student who had given up his college studies midway and
was on tranquillizers is now free of pills. He went back to his studies
and has now completed them'. VIPASSANA AND BUSINESS MANAGEMENT Shah Jayantilal
(2003) indicated "The Vipassana meditation technique improves the
lives of executives and business managers by transforming their attitudes.
Prejudice is replaced by compassion; jealousy changes into joy at the
success of others; greed and arrogance are replaced by generosity and
humility, and so on. This transformation of attitude results in stress
reduction, and mental equanimity and balance. It is a creative force
capable of inducing a dynamic work approach in subordinate staff. The
positive change is brought about by a change in the attitude and actions
of the executive-to polite and compassionate behaviour, gentle speech, and
a mind full of love and friendliness. This positive change in
consciousness is the aim of genuine meditation practice, and it forms a
new and advanced basis for business and industrial management
Shah Jayantilal (2003) indicate further that Business
management is presently judged by profits or "money-making"
ability. Managers are evaluated by their ability to make more money by
increasing product turnover, developing new technologies with better
pay-offs, or decreasing costs through new inventions. In return, they want
higher salaries and more requisites. Although there is nothing inherently
wrong with generating profits and an increase in incomes, the real aim of
an economic venture is to create a wealth, which combines money with
health and happiness. Vipassana makes a significant contribution towards
improving the mental health and happiness of individuals-vital components
of wealth.
Shah Jayantilal (2003) indicate further that "One
of the parameters in HRD process is the development of mutual respect,
which naturally improves interpersonal relations. Meditation will also
help to achieve this, enabling us to overcome the hostility towards fellow
human beings- colleagues, subordinates, superiors, government officers and
others. This hostility manifests as anger, arrogance, jealousy, vengeance,
selfishness, greed, prejudice and ill will".
Shah Jayantilal (2003) indicates that the practice of
'Right Livelihood'(Samm±-±jČva) is an important aspect of Vipassana
meditation. It can become the foundation for business management practice,
upon which can be based traditional management techniques of using
statistical data such as of cash-flow projections, return on capital, GNP,
the turnover of profits, and so on. These parameters are useful if they
are based on the concept of Right Livelihood.
The current literature on Vipassana Meditation Process indicates the
impact of this process on human behavior and attitude. Now a day's
Vipassana Meditation Process has been included in many business management
institutions. This indicates that many educational institutions are in the
way towards the holistic education which prepares individual performance
excellence. This particular qualitative research tried to understand the
importance of Vipassana Meditation in physical, professional, managerial
and personal growth of students of business management education. The present study is aimed at understanding the effectiveness of
Vipassana Meditation on business management students in their attitude and
behaviour modification. A multidimensional analysis of attitudinal and
behavioral variables in relation to Vipassana meditation on students is
the primary focus of this study.
PROBLEM FORMULATION.
The present day educational system is more concentrating on classroom
formal education rather than extending holistic educational opportunity to
the students. This kind of educational process makes the individual
more towards unstable development than ensuring sustainable development.
Educational system has the major responsibility to ensure psychosocial,
physical and spiritual development of the individual and the society.
A man without moral and intellectual stability will lead our nation
towards war conflicts and social disorganization. As the
students of present generation be the leaders of the coming era, it is
necessary to extend holistic educational curriculum to improve their
self-realization and purification of mind. Many Business Management
students and professional are engaged in Holistic Education Programs (Vipassana
Meditation) to improve their attitude, perception, aptitude and personal
goals that help in more self development and professional development.
Hence, this particular research tries to understand the effectiveness of
Vipassana Meditation on student's professional psychological and physical
development.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM.
'Effectiveness of Vipassana Meditation on Psychosocial, Professional
and Physical development of management students' OBJECTIVES
1. To understand the important understandings from Vipassana
Meditation. UNIVERSE
The universe selected for this particular research includes the
students studying in of five business schools in Pune city, Maharashtra.
Students of Symbiosis, Indira School of Management, Indian Institute of
Modern Management, Sadhana Centre for Management and Leadership
Development and Sinhgad Business School were considered for the research.
The population consists of both genders having equal proportion. Since
socio demographic variations were not taken into account for analysis,
various attributes like age, gender, hobbies, marital status were not
considered in this research.
SAMPLING FRAME
The study considered 133 Business Management students of Symbiosis,
Indira School of Management, Indian Institute of Modern Management,
Sadhana Centre for Management and Leadership Development and Sinhgad
Business Schools, who had undergone Vipassana meditation past in their
academic career in Business Management Course, out of 200 population.
19-24 Business Graduate Students who had successfully completed the 10
days Vipassana Meditation Course were considered for the data collection
in each institute. The study followed random sampling method for arriving
at a representative size of the population. Only male students were
considered in this research.
ITEM ANALYSIS, TOOLS FOR DATA COLLECTION AND TOOL ADMINISTRATION
As the study more concentrated at individual level qualitative aspects,
a schedule was prepared to collect the qualitative information from the
Business Graduate Students. The tools consist of items related to
professional, physical, psychological advantages students feel after
attending Vipassana Meditation process. A pilot study conducted to
standardize the schedule with 25 students from all over five campuses and
relevant items were incorporated and irrelevant questions were deleted
from the schedule. The students were individually approached by the
investigator with a schedule and they were briefed about the purpose and
significance of the study. It took about one hour to complete the schedule
filling up process, as the items are more qualitative and in-depth in
nature.
ANALYSIS
The data generated through 133 Schedule were considered for data
processing. All the qualitative information was converted into
quantitative form by developing appropriate variables viz, physical,
psychological, managerial advantages etc. The score of each item was
appropriately coded and entered into a master chart manually. Each item of
the data was thoroughly checked before being entered in to the master
chart to verify its accuracy. The data were later on stored into the
floppy disc of computer. The data was processed in the SPSS package. The
analysis was done based on the statistical tools in the SPSS. The analysis
is based on responses than the respondents.
SCOPE
1. The outcome of the study will help the upcoming and present
Business Management Institutions to understand the effectiveness of
Vipassana Meditation in their educational process. Limitation The analysis and interpretation the data based on
qualitative variables as follows;
Table No: 1
Physical Advantages of Vipassana
The study clearly indicates that majority business management graduates get physical advantages of Vipassana Meditation process, in one way or other. Major benefits includes understanding of hidden potentials (20.3%), ability to withstand pain (15%), flexibility of physique, (12.8%), positive feeling (11.3), increased concentration (6%) etc. Students obtained different advantages by undergoing this awareness process. Table No: 2 Psychological Advantage of Vipassana
The study indicates that majority business management student get psychological benefits out of the Vipassana Meditation Process. Among the Psychological benefits 36.2% of students reported that they obtained peace and stability of mind, strong will power, become calm, quite, and relaxed. They could be able to understand the strength and weaknesses, and become more composed, compassionate, determined, developed and developed the feeling equanimity. Their ability to concentrate day to day classes increased (24.1%) and gained better control over anger, agitation, frustration, reaction formation and hyper activeness (22.6%). Students obtained different psychological advantages by undergoing awareness process. A very few students reported (3%) no change in their behaviour. Table No: 3 Professional Advantage of Vipassana
The study indicates that the Vipassana Meditation process enhanced their professional skills and approaches. Majority students reported that (42.2%) the awareness process helped them to control over their tensions, anxiety and impatience and reduce their anxiety to perceive things professionally than personally. While a considerable proportion of students indicate that (21.8%) the self awareness process helped them to develop a balance of mind and they became more empathetic, organized, confident and disciplined (13.5%). The awareness process developed objective perception (8.3%) helped students to learn from within (3.8%). It also facilitates to better interpersonal relationships among students (10.5%). A very few percentage of students (2.3%) reported no benefit out of Vipassana Meditation Process. Table No: 4
Important Understanding from Vipassana
The study indicates that Vipassana Meditation process helped the students to get many understandings. It gave awareness to them to be persistent and diligent in life (18.8%). The process helped them to control over stress and behavioral reactions (17.3%). The students understood the value of equanimity, the law of impermanence (15%), importance of introspection (6.8%), importance of self discipline and self belief (9%). In addition to that they developed the attitude to be calm and composed patience, tolerance, forgiveness (3.8%) clear focus, positive outlook, objective in life (3%) time management (3%) etc. The over all benefits are indicated in the table above. Table No: 5 Managerial aspect students learned compared to teaching/
training at the institute
The study indicates that compared to teaching and training the students learned many qualities by undergoing Vipassana Meditation. It is reported that (21.1%) they learned the importance of commitment, dedication, orderliness, organization of staff. While a considerable proportion of students reported that (17.3%) have acquired the learning of humbleness, self discipline patience and tolerance. The process helped the students to understand the importance of time management and stress management and better coordination (12.8%) service without expectation (10.5%), and the nature of learning through experience (9%). A few students shown their reluctant to respond (5.3%). Other details are incorporated in the above table. Table No: 6 Managerial aspect students internalized to practice in
Professional Life
The table indicates the aspects students internalized to practice in professional life. Majority students reported that they internalized the importance of silence, self discipline balanced mind and self belief that to be practiced in professional life (25.6%). They understood the importance of time management (10.5%) and became more compassionate, committed and dedicated in life. A considerable percentage of population reported that they learned importance of planning and implementation (6.8%), learned the importance of cooperation, openness, team work (6%), became more humble, adaptable, truthful, calm, and composed (6%). All other benefits are reported in as minor percentages though the importance changes the students observed within themselves. FINDINGS The below details indicates the interpretation the study arrived from the analysis of the data made. PHYSICAL ADVANTAGE OF VIPASSANA
PSYCHOLOGICAL ADVANTAGE OF VIPASSANA
PROFESSIONAL ADVANTAGE OF VIPASSANA
IMPORTANT UNDERSTANDING FROM VIPASSANA
MANAGERIAL ASPECT STUDENTS LEARNED COMPARED TO TEACHING/ TRAINING AT THE INSTITUTE
MANAGERIAL
ASPECT STUDENTS INTERNALIZED TO PRACTICE
IN PROFESSIONAL LIFE
Discussion
The present study indicates that the Vipassana Meditation
Process helps the student in transforming the attitude of business
management students. Industry is a place where the professionals
have to meet the deadlines and targets in the stipulated time frame. They
are always busy to meet such deadlines. Awareness about the self helps the
professionals to reduce their stress at work place by undertaking the
operations with calm, composed, focused, mentally alert, intellectually
stimulated and mature behavior. Vipassana Meditation Process helps to
undergo this self awareness process and helps the professional to
face the challenges and opportunities by positive outlook and changed
attitude and behavior. Shah Jayantilal (2003) indicated that "The
Vipassana meditation technique improves the lives of executives and
business managers by transforming their attitudes. Prejudice is replaced
by compassion; jealousy changes into joy at the success of others; greed
and arrogance are replaced by generosity and humility, and so on. This
transformation of attitude results in stress reduction, and mental
equanimity and balance. It is a creative force capable of inducing a
dynamic work approach in subordinate staff. The positive change is brought
about by a change in the attitude and actions of the executive-to polite
and compassionate behavior, gentle speech, and a mind full of love and
friendliness. This positive change in consciousness is the aim of genuine
meditation practice, and it forms a new and advanced basis for business
and industrial management". The students who get an opportunity
to experience self awareness process in their college level, when their
habit moulding process takes place; it inculcates new mind set and
positive attitude towards work, which helps them to cope up with
occupational stress with their own inner abilities and self awareness.
Here the holistic education plays a bigger role which incorporates the
spiritual, physical, professional and psychological teaching and training
in their regular academic curriculum. Role of attitude transformation is
the most important challenge the faculties have to do in the business
management teaching and training. Industry expects students with 'work
attitude'. When 'workability' blends with 'work attitude' among
professionals, the result will be performance excellence and competency.
Hence a holistic education that incorporates the Vipassana Meditation
process helps institutions to inculcate better attitude among business
graduate students that further contributes to surplus and profit to
industry. This discussion is supported by her report that (Shah Jayantilal
2003) "Business management is presently judged by profits or
"money-making" ability. Managers are evaluated by their ability
to make more money by increasing product turnover, developing new
technologies with better pay-offs, or decreasing costs through new
inventions. In return, they want higher salaries and more requisites.
Although there is nothing inherently wrong with generating profits and an
increase in incomes, the real aim of an economic venture is to create a
wealth, which combines money with health and happiness. Vipassana makes a
significant contribution towards improving the mental health and happiness
of individuals-vital components of wealth.
These findings are more beneficial to Human Resource
Development. This department is handling majority inter personal problems
in industry. This department is dealing personal problems like anger,
arrogance, jealousy, vengeance, selfishness, greed, prejudice and ill will
and many other hostility factors. The Vipassana Meditation helps to
control over the emotions and be self controlled always. It leads to
better inter personal relationship, communication, team work, group work,
mutual respect and group cohesiveness. In this context Shah Jayantilal
(2003) further indicate that "One of the parameters in HRD process
is the development of mutual respect, which naturally improves
interpersonal relations. Meditation will also help to achieve this,
enabling us to overcome the hostility towards fellow human beings-
colleagues, subordinates, superiors, government officers and others. This
hostility manifests as anger, arrogance, jealousy, vengeance, selfishness,
greed, prejudice and ill will".
Conclusion
The above findings clearly indicates that Vipassana
Meditation Process has high importance to get orient the students with
better physique, psycho-social state that helps them to become good
professional with focused managerial aptitude. More awareness to be made
on this subject to business schools so that institutions can bridge the
gap between 'what industry wants and what institutions now providing'. It
is the responsibility of the institutions to inculcate better attitude and
behavior through holistic education process so that quality students can
be supplies to industry. |
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